Differences Between The Endocrine And Exocrine Systems

An informative article on: Differences Between The Endocrine And Exocrine Systems.

The human body is made up of different cells, tissues and organs that combine to form the several systems that keep it functioning efficiently. Hormones play a very important role in the functioning of the various systems of the body. This is because they are responsible for the regulation of several activities and processes essential to life. Basically, hormones are secreted by organs often referred to as glands. Glands in turn can be divided into two classes: endocrine and exocrine glands. These glands in turn form the endocrine and exocrine systems. A review of the classes of glands will reveal the differences between the endocrine and exocrine systems.

Endocrine Glands Vs Exocrine Glands

By definition, an endocrine gland is one that secretes its hormones directly into the bloodstream from where it is transported to the target cells, tissues or organs to bring about its effects. Endocrine glands are also often referred to as ductless glands. On the other hand, an exocrine gland is a gland that secretes its hormones into a system of ducts that lead to the external environment. As a result, exocrine glands are commonly known as duct glands. Apart from the definitions of the constitutive glands, there are other differences between the endocrine and exocrine systems.

Differences between the Endocrine and Exocrine Systems

Some of the distinctions that separate the endocrine and exocrine systems include the following:

Ducts:

As stated in the definitions of the glands, the endocrine system does not utilize ducts in the transportation of its secretions while the exocrine system depends solely on ducts for transportation. In fact, exocrine glands are often classified based on the type of ducts they possess. As such, the glands can be classified into simple and compound. A simple gland has singular or unbranched ducts while a compound gland usually has several branches. An endocrine gland on the other hand secretes its products directly into the blood which then transports them to the target tissues.

Response Time:

Due to the manner of secretion and transportation, endocrine glands usually have slower response times relative to exocrine glands. Usually the transportation of the hormones secreted by the endocrine system through the bloodstream is slower than that of the exocrine system which occurs through ducts. As a result, the effects and response time of endocrine glands take a longer time to manifest.

Duration of Action:

The duration of action of the hormones of the endocrine system lasts longer than that of the exocrine system. This is because the kidney filters blood that reaches it. As a result, the hormones are absorbed into the system and can further carry out their effects on target tissues. This is not the case for exocrine glands however. Since they do not pass through the kidneys, there is no absorption taking place.

In conclusion, while there are several differences in the secretion and transportation of the products of the endocrine and exocrine systems, they are both responsible for essential functions in the body.